Wolfgang
came into this world on January 27, 1756. His father Leopold
a reasonably accomplished musician soon saw that his son's
musical talent dwarfed all others, including his own. Wolfgang's older sister,
Maria Anna (known affectionately as 'Nannerl'), was also quite gifted, but
not nearly to her brother's extent.
Leopold
had a powerful intellect, was a keen judge of character and did not suffer
fools gladly. He wasn't very popular, but he was quite ambitious. It was
clear to him that his son was destined for greatness and that he was destined
to provide the means toward that end.
His
employer, Prince Archbishop Schrattenbach of Salzburg, was very supportive
of Leopold and his two young prodigies as they began touring around Europe
to delight the aristocracy. Wolfgang was only six at the time.
For
years, Leopold the Impressario was in his prime - he controlled every
last detail of his children's lives. He was father, educator and business
manager.
Throughout
his teens Wolfgang played in and composed for the court orchestra at Salzburg
under the watchful gaze of his father, who was Deputy Court Composer.
Twenty-one and
chafing in Salzburg
The
Archbishop Schrattenbach passed away in 1772 and was replaced by the Prince
Archbishop Hieronymus Colloredo an egotistical man of dictatorial
temperament who viewed musicians as mere servants, nothing more.
Although
he agreed to put the young Wolfgang on salary as a member of the court
orchestra, Colloredo either could not or would not appreciate the musical
talent that was before him. And, in Leopold's case, the Archbishop was
uncomfortable with having a servant with an intellect superior to his
own. In the eyes of the Archbishop, the Mozarts' behavior borderlined
on insubordination. So, despite Leopold's talent and tenure, Colloredo
repeatedly refused to promote him to Court Composer.
By
1777, both Mozarts were chafing beneath the Archbishop's rule. Leopold
knew his extraordinary son was ready to seek his rightful place as Court
Composer for a highly visible and appreciative patron. Escape from Salzburg
was essential.
Even
in this, the Archbishop spitefully intervened, denying Leopold permission
to accompany his son on a multi-city job hunting expedition. So, on the
second day of Autumn in 1777, Wolfgang's mother Anna
Maria took his father's place, leaving Salzburg on what became a most
fateful journey.
Wolfgang's first
love
They
spent the first month trying to arrange a position in Augsburg. But after
many promising discussions, it became clear that no offers were forthcoming.
So
they moved on to Mannheim hoping to land something with the vaunted Mannheim
Orchestra.
Wolfgang
very quickly befriended many of the orchestra and chorus members, most
notably a bass vocalist named Fridolin Weber. He and wife Maria
Cäcilie had four musically talented daughters. (Three of whom
would become professional opera singers.)
Wolfgang
was about to turn 22. By the time he did, he had fallen madly in love
with the Weber's second-eldest and most talented daughter, Aloysia.
She was only 16, yet by all accounts a remarkable coloratura soprano and
quite accomplished at the clavier. She performed regularly with the orchestra
and chorus.
Though
she expressed no outward affection for Wolfgang, Aloysia was quite flattered
to have him write her aria after aria that "fit her voice like a
well-tailored dress." All told, he wrote eight of them for her, personally
accompanying her performances for most.
Leopold goes ballistic
Wolfgang
and his father remained in constant contact through the mail. Leopold
was thus able to meticulously manage the expedition in absentia. (For
he knew Wolfgang was not able to manage such affairs for himself.)
In
January '78, Herr Weber mapped out a plan for he and Wolfgang to showcase
his two eldest daughters on a tour of the operatic centers of northern
Italy. When Leopold got wind of this he could not contain his rage. Such
a diversion was absolutely unacceptable on both moral and business grounds.
Leopold stood his ground and the plan was dropped.
His
letters of condemnation so crushed his son that Wolfgang dejectedly referred
to himself as "a born wood-tapper who can do nothing put pound the
clavier a little."
Now,
Wolfgang was either very determined or a total sucker for punishment.
For, barely a month later, he writes home to Leopold for permission to
ask Aloysia's hand in marriage.
This
time Leopold pulls a major guilt trip on his son, waxing soulfully about
all of his sacrifices and his poor financial condition. (He went deeply
into debt to pay for the trip.) In the end, Leopold adds his frustration
and bombast to the guilt trip he's laid on Wolfgang and succeeds in moving
the job hunt out of Mannheim and on to Paris.
Disaster
strikes in Paris
Arriving
in Paris in late March, 1778, Wolfgang makes quick work establishing the
contacts engineered by Leopold. Commissions open up, but not any permanent
positions.
Three
months into their stay in Paris, Anna Maria takes ill. Due to her stoicism,
financial concerns and her distrust of French physicians, she refuses
medical treatment until it's too late. Wolfgang watches powerlessly as
she sinks deeper into darkness. After two short weeks her life "went
out like a light," as Wolfgang painfully reports to his father on
July 3, 1778.
Leopold
was devastated. He and Anna Maria had been very happily married for 31
years. He was convinced that Wolfgang's lack of resolve was to blame for
her death. As he said in a letter to his son, Leopold believed "things
would have turned out differently" had he been there.
Wolfgang
also took the loss very hard. But he rationalized that she merely succumbed
to destiny. The relationship between father and son was now permanently
scarred .
The long road back
to Salzburg
For
two and a half months Leopold exhorted, implored and cajoled Wolfgang
to return to Salzburg. The father had submissively beseeched the Archbishop
to hire his son as Court Organist. It was a major blow to the egos and
ambitions of both Mozarts, but at least it was a steady source of income.
Wolfgang
finally relented. On September 26 nearly a year to the day from
his departure from Salzburg he left Paris to return and toil in
the Purgatory that was Colloredo's court.
But
he doesn't arrive in Salzburg. In his greatest act of independence to
date, he diverted his trip to Mannheim in search of his beloved Aloysia
with intent to wed. Father be damned!
Wolfgang
arrived there only to find that Aloysia was now singing for the German
Opera in Munich, where the entire Weber clan now resided. Wolfgang lingered
for weeks in Mannheim, dreading his return to Salzburg. Leopold pulled
out all the stops, making it painfully clear that Wolfgang not only killed
his mother, but would soon bear the blame for his father's early demise
as well.
Beaten,
the newly independent Wolfgang agreed to return. But en route to Purgatory
he got an unexpected opportunity to divert to Munich and Aloysia, which
he did.
Love unrequited
Now
at least in the vicinity (if not the arms) of his beloved, he wrote her
another aria as a token of his affection. Bear in mind that Wolfgang had
yet to actually come out and tell her he loved her neither in person
nor by letter.
On
December 29, 1778, he finally worked up the courage to propose. Mortified,
Aloysia rejected the notion without a moment's hesitation.
Wolfgang
was crushed. Her total rejection cut him to the quick. He retreated to
a friend's house where he cried uncontrollably. First his mother, now
this. It was all too much.
When
he finally regained his composure, he marched over to his friend's clavier,
banged out a short melody and sang out, "May the wench who does not
want me kiss my ass!"
Resilience
indeed.
Without
alternative, Wolfgang finally returned to Salzburg on January 14, 1779,
barely two weeks before his 22nd birthday.
Neither
Mozart is happy, but at least they are together.
Would two free
tickets to the C Minor Mass make you happy?
Thus
ends Chapter 1 The Inextricable Opposites.
While
Chapter 1 is still fresh in your mind, why not play Round
1 of C Minor Mastery? Just click on the button below and have fun
answering the questions. If you play
well, you may just find yourself sitting in the front row on January
19th as the Mozart Pointmeister of Westchester.
But
just in case, don't forget to order
your advance tickets. If you purchase by December 1st, you'll get
a nifty 10% discount.
Also
on December 1st we'll be publishing Chapter 3 The C Minor Mystery.
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